The story of Botanic Gardens
It began as a private members' club for plants. In 1828 the Belfast Botanical and Horticultural Society laid out the Royal Belfast Botanical Gardens, and for most of the 1800s the public could only enter on Sundays. The grounds were a place for subscribers and their guests, not the city at large.
The Palm House came next. The Marquess of Donegall laid the foundation stone in 1839, and the leading ironmaster Richard Turner completed the building in 1840, with the central dome added in 1852. It is one of the earliest curvilinear cast-iron glasshouses in the world, and Turner went on to build the larger glasshouses at Kew and at Glasnevin in Dublin using the lessons he learned in Belfast.
In 1889 the head gardener Charles McKimm built the Tropical Ravine, sinking a glen into the hillside so visitors could look down into a tropical world from above. At its Victorian peak the gardens drew more than 10,000 people on a busy day, a symbol of the city's industrial wealth and confidence.
Belfast Corporation bought the gardens from the society in 1895 and opened them to everyone, free, as a public park. They added the rose garden in 1932. The Tropical Ravine was restored in a £3.8m project and reopened in 2018, with a Global Medicine Garden planted alongside it in 2019. Today the 28 acres are owned by Belfast City Council and remain free to all.