The story of the Derry Walls
The walls were built between 1613 and 1618 by The Honourable The Irish Society, the London consortium charged with planting the new city of Londonderry. They enclosed a fresh settlement of English and Scottish colonists, laid out on a Renaissance grid around a central Diamond. The result was a complete defensive circuit roughly 1.5 km long and up to eight metres high, the last city walls built in Ireland and the only set to survive complete.
Their reputation was made in 1689. During the Siege of Derry, Jacobite forces loyal to James II surrounded the city for 105 days while the Protestant defenders held out behind the walls. The gates had famously been shut against the king's troops by thirteen apprentice boys in December 1688. The walls were never breached, earning Derry the name the Maiden City, and the siege is still commemorated each year.
Much of what you see was reinforced and added over the following centuries. Three further gates, Castle, New and Magazine, were cut to ease traffic, and the bastions were fitted with cannon. Twenty-four of those guns survive and were restored in 2005, the largest collection in Europe whose precise origins are known, with Roaring Meg the most celebrated.
Today the walls are a state-care monument looked after by the Department for Communities Historic Environment Division. They remain a working part of the city, a free public walkway that locals and visitors use every day, while preserving the four-hundred-year-old street plan they were built to defend.